Object‐Oriented Lumped‐Parameter Modeling of the Cardiovascular System for Physiological and Pathophysiological Conditions

In this work, a lumped-parameter Windkessel model of the cardiovascular system that simulates biomechanical parameters human physiology is presented. The object-oriented platform provided by MATLAB-based modeling environment SIMSCAPE employed to compute blood pressures and flows in each heart chamber at various sites vascular tree. hydraulic domain allows determination hemodynamics intuitively from geometrical mechanical properties system, while custom elements pumping action effects respiration on flow. validated comparing predicted with normal during both systole diastole, demonstrating changes arterial breathing are consistent reported physiological cardiorespiratory coupling. capabilities explored through two exemplary case studies: i) pressure-overload failure due aortic constriction, vitro via finite element analysis, ii) single-ventricle Fontan physiology, compared clinical literature. This provides practical tool for calculation parameters, enabling intuitive creation silico representations complex circulatory loops, planning optimization medical interventions, prediction clinically relevant patient-specific hemodynamics.